Risks of radiological medicine
Radiation dermatitis occurs when the exposure dose exceeds a certain level.
Symptoms appear when the delivered dose exceeds the threshold. The rate of incidence increases and the symptoms increase in severity as the exposure dose increases. There is no influence from exposure to doses below the threshold value. Treatment can therefore be completed safely as long as the delivered dose is kept below this threshold.
The reality of occupational exposure
Do you know about radiation exposure in the workspace at medical sites?
31 physicians with an average of 23 years performing interventional procedures developed tumors of the head and neck. 85% of the tumors were located on the left side of the head. These are serious facts that were presented in a paper
Total dose management
Dose Management for Everyone. 
"Providing the best healthcare for patients, ensuring operator safety, and providing reassurance to medical facility administrators." Based on this concept, Canon Medical Systms X-ray angiography systems have been developed with careful consideration of all people concerned.
Over time we have applied several approaches, which have resulted in a variety of X-ray reduction techniques: "AIP" image processing, which significantly reduces quantum noise in images, provides high-quality fluoroscopic images in real time with les lags, and thus helps reduce the need to perform DA, which requires relatively high radiation doses; "DoseRite SpotFluoro", which generates X-rays only in the ROI; "DoseRite DTS", which visualizes the patient incident skin dose distribution with color mapping in realtime during the procedure to control the risk of radiation dermatitis; and many other techniques. All the dose reduction techniques and dose management techniques incorporated in Canon Medical Systms X-ray angiography systems are inclusively referred to as "DoseRite". In order to provide safer healthcare systems for patients, operators, medical facility administrators, and all others concerned, Canon Medical Systms continues to develop techniques for further dose reduction.
Dose Management
Optimized Dose Management
Infinix-i systems incorporate industry leading automated and user-selectable dose management tools, designed to minimize patient X-ray exposure while maintaining optimum image quality.
Dose Tracking System (DTS)
Estimates dose delivered to the skin in real time and displays it on a color-coded map during procedures so physicians can continuously monitor exposure and make adjustments.
Canon Medical Systms' award winning Dose Tracking System (DTS)* introduces exclusive technology in estimating skin dose distribution:
Color coded and easy-to read 3D spatial visualization of skin dose estimates
Real-time feedback that enables procedure adjustments and the capability to limit exposure in any area for prolonged periods
Use on both adult and pediatric patients for cardiac, abdominal and neuro procedures
Spot Fluoroscopy(*)(**)
Advanced collimation, see outside the box.
Can result in substantial dose reduction by superimposing the Last Image Hold (LIH) over live fluoro and eliminating the need to open up collimation for viewing landmarks outside the spot field.
Last Image Hold overlay with live fluoroscopy
Freely collimate with asymmetric blade movements
Next generation Automatic Brightness Control with Scatter Correction
Advanced Image Processing (AIP)
Hardware and software work in tandem to optimize image quality and lower dose.
Uses Super Noise Reduction Filter (SNRF) technology to lower dose dramatically by analyzing and processing each image frame in real time during fluoroscopy.
Beam filters are automatically deployed to optimize image quality at the lowest possible dose. This advanced image processing can reduce dose up to 50%*, reducing the risk to the patient and staff.
Grid Pulse Fluoroscopy
Helps eliminate leading and trailing edge soft radiation to the patient skin.
Grid Pulse Fluoroscopy provides more efficient X-ray pulses to reduce leading and trailing-edge dose. Infinix also includes comprehensive frame rate selection, including unique settings such as 20 and 10 frames per second (FPS).
Dynamic tableside control of 9 frame rate selections optimizes dose management and image quality.
Virtual Collimation
Minimize dose exposure to your patient with the use of virtual collimation.
Position collimation exactly where you need it without use of fluoroscopy. After fluoroscopy, virtual collimation software simulates collimator positions so operators can adjust collimation with no additional fluoroscopy.
Fluoroscopic image acquisition
The enhanced fluoroscopic images provided by SNRF allow the clinician to avoid unnecessary cine (DA) exposure. The clinician can choose fluoroscopic acquisition in the same manner as DA acquisition, allowing the patient X-ray dose to be reduced.
Unique fluoroscopic image recording procedures
Various recording modes are available for high-quality fluoroscopic images acquired with the SNRF. These acquisition techniques can be operated simply by pressing the footswitch. The clinician can choose fluoroscopic acquisition in the same manner as DA acquisition, allowing the patient X-ray dose to be reduced.
Fluoroscopic images acquired after pressing the fluoroscopy start button are recorded. Images can be recorded for up to 90 seconds or 1020 frames. (Dynamic image recording)
Fluoroscopic images acquired in the last 60 seconds (max.) are recorded. Press the F-STORE button after fluoroscopy is completed to save the run as part of the patient file. (Dynamic image recording)
The LIH (last image hold) image acquired in fluoroscopy is recorded. (Still image recording)
Significant contribution to minimizing dose
The graph on the right compares the cumulative air kerma measured for cardiac catheterization procedures with and without SNRF as measured on over 400 clinical cases. The fluoroscopy/radiography frame rate (fps) and fluoroscopy time were similar, but the result shows a significant decrease in the cumulative dose. SNRF combined with simple fluoroscopic recording techniques have been proven effective and have reduced cumulative procedure dose by more than 50%.
